Collection: Four Noble Truths
The Four Noble Truths are one of the core teachings of Buddhist philosophy and are directly related to the basic teachings and practice of Buddhism. These four truths were expounded by the Buddha in his first sermon after his enlightenment, namely "The First Turn of the Wheel of Dharma", and have become the foundation of Buddhist practice. They include:
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Dukkha: This refers to the painful and unsatisfactory state of life. Buddhist philosophy believes that all phenomena in the world are impermanent and life is full of suffering, pressure and dissatisfaction. This kind of pain is not only physical pain, but also psychological pain.
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Samudaya: This is the study of the causes of suffering. Buddhist philosophy believes that the root causes of suffering are greed, hatred and avidya (ignorance). These defilements lead to the continuation of reincarnation and suffering.
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Nirodha: This refers to the cessation or liberation of suffering. Buddhist philosophy teaches that through practice and wisdom, individuals can achieve the end of suffering and achieve Nirvana, a state of ultimate peace and freedom.
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Magga: This refers to the path to liberation. Buddhist philosophy proposes the Eightfold Path (Eight Noble Paths), namely right view, right thinking, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration, as a guideline for practice to help practitioners free themselves from suffering.
